fix(database): stop noisy per-startup errors in the Postgres server log

Two statements failed server-side on every panel start after a SQLite to
Postgres migration, flooding the postgres log even though the Go side
suppressed them:

- resyncPostgresSequences issued SELECT MAX(id) against client_inbounds,
  whose composite primary key has no id column; Postgres validates the
  SELECT list at parse time, so the WHERE pg_get_serial_sequence(...) guard
  never got a chance to no-op it. Skip models whose GORM schema maps no id
  column before issuing the statement.

- AutoMigrate detects existing columns via information_schema filtered by
  table_catalog = CURRENT_DATABASE(), which misdetects on some setups and
  re-issues ALTER TABLE ... ADD for columns that already exist. HasColumn/
  HasIndex query without that filter and are reliable (the existing
  duplicate-column suppressor depends on exactly that), so skip AutoMigrate
  outright when the table, every column, and every index already exist.

Closes #5665

internal/database/db.go

@@ -83,6 +83,9 @@ func initModels() error {
 		&model.OutboundSubscription{},
 	}
 	for _, mdl := range models {
+		if IsPostgres() && postgresModelSettled(mdl) {
+			continue
+		}
 		if err := db.AutoMigrate(mdl); err != nil {
 			if isIgnorableDuplicateColumnErr(err, mdl) {
 				log.Printf("Ignoring duplicate column during auto migration for %T: %v", mdl, err)
@@ -119,6 +122,30 @@ func initModels() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// postgresModelSettled skips AutoMigrate when table, columns, and indexes all exist:
+// its catalog-filtered column probe misdetects on some setups and re-ADDs columns forever (#5665).
+func postgresModelSettled(mdl any) bool {
+	migrator := db.Migrator()
+	if !migrator.HasTable(mdl) {
+		return false
+	}
+	stmt := &gorm.Statement{DB: db}
+	if err := stmt.Parse(mdl); err != nil || stmt.Schema == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, dbName := range stmt.Schema.DBNames {
+		if !migrator.HasColumn(mdl, dbName) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	for _, idx := range stmt.Schema.ParseIndexes() {
+		if !migrator.HasIndex(mdl, idx.Name) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
 func dropLegacyForeignKeys() error {
 	if !IsPostgres() {
 		return nil

internal/database/db_settled_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v3/internal/database/model"
+)
+
+// Locks the #5665 guard: composite-PK client_inbounds has no id column, so the
+// sequence-reset SQL must never be issued for it.
+func TestTableWithIdColumn_SkipsCompositeKeyModels(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := InitDB(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "x-ui.db")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("InitDB: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = CloseDB() })
+
+	if table, ok := tableWithIdColumn(db, &model.ClientInbound{}); ok {
+		t.Errorf("ClientInbound (table %q) has no id column but was not skipped", table)
+	}
+	table, ok := tableWithIdColumn(db, &model.Inbound{})
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("Inbound has an id column but was reported as skippable")
+	}
+	if table != "inbounds" {
+		t.Errorf("Inbound table = %q, want inbounds", table)
+	}
+}
+
+// Exercises the #5665 AutoMigrate skip on SQLite (the check is dialect-agnostic):
+// settled after InitDB, not settled with a missing column or table.
+func TestPostgresModelSettled_TracksSchemaPresence(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := InitDB(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "x-ui.db")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("InitDB: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = CloseDB() })
+
+	for _, mdl := range []any{&model.ClientRecord{}, &model.ClientGroup{}, &model.ClientInbound{}} {
+		if !postgresModelSettled(mdl) {
+			t.Errorf("%T not settled right after InitDB", mdl)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Migrator().DropColumn(&model.ClientGroup{}, "reset_up"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("drop column: %v", err)
+	}
+	if postgresModelSettled(&model.ClientGroup{}) {
+		t.Error("ClientGroup settled despite missing reset_up column")
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Migrator().DropTable(&model.ClientGroup{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("drop table: %v", err)
+	}
+	if postgresModelSettled(&model.ClientGroup{}) {
+		t.Error("ClientGroup settled despite missing table")
+	}
+}

internal/database/migrate_data.go

@@ -270,19 +270,14 @@ func resetPostgresSequences(dst *gorm.DB) error {
 	return resyncPostgresSequences(dst, migrationModels())
 }
 
-// resyncPostgresSequences sets each model's id sequence to MAX(id) so the next
-// auto-increment INSERT won't collide with an existing row. Table names are
-// resolved from the models themselves (not hardcoded), so they always match the
-// migrated tables. The statement is a no-op for tables without an id sequence
-// (e.g. composite-PK tables), and idempotent on a healthy DB, so it is safe to
-// run both after migration and on every Postgres startup.
+// resyncPostgresSequences sets each model's id sequence to MAX(id); idempotent. Id-less
+// composite-PK tables are skipped — Postgres rejects MAX(id) at parse time and logs it (#5665).
 func resyncPostgresSequences(db *gorm.DB, models []any) error {
 	for _, m := range models {
-		stmt := &gorm.Statement{DB: db}
-		if err := stmt.Parse(m); err != nil {
+		t, ok := tableWithIdColumn(db, m)
+		if !ok {
 			continue
 		}
-		t := stmt.Table
 		// t comes from the trusted model set parsed by GORM, not user input, so
 		// interpolating it as an identifier is safe. We ignore errors per-table.
 		_ = db.Exec(
@@ -293,3 +288,16 @@ func resyncPostgresSequences(db *gorm.DB, models []any) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// tableWithIdColumn resolves a model's table name and reports whether its GORM
+// schema maps an "id" database column.
+func tableWithIdColumn(db *gorm.DB, m any) (string, bool) {
+	stmt := &gorm.Statement{DB: db}
+	if err := stmt.Parse(m); err != nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	if stmt.Schema == nil || stmt.Schema.LookUpField("id") == nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return stmt.Table, true
+}