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- <a name="Interfaces-to-External-Code"></a>
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- <h3 class="subsection">2.7.16 Interfaces to External Code</h3>
- <p>A few other combinators have been incorporated into the virtual
- machine as alternatives to the style of interactive applications
- described in <a href="Output-From-Interactive-Applications.html#Output-From-Interactive-Applications">Output From Interactive Applications</a>. These make it
- possible to interface with external libraries and applications either
- by a simple function call, or by executing a run-time generated
- transducer as described previously. In either case, there is no need
- for any particular command line options to specify interactive
- invocation, nor for the application to be designed that way from the
- outset. Existing virtual code applications may therefore be enhanced
- to make use of these features without radical changes.
- </p>
- <p>To account for these additional capabilities, it is not entirely
- adequate to continue defining the virtual machine semantics in terms
- of a mathematical function, but it is done nevertheless due to the
- lack of any appealing alternative. Although most library functions are
- in fact functions in the sense that their outputs are determined by
- their arguments, they defy a concise specification within the present
- mathematical framework, especially insofar as they may involve finite
- precision floating point numbers. More problematically, the effect of
- interaction with a shell is neither well defined nor deterministic.
- The descriptions that follow presuppose a computational procedure
- associated with the following definitions but leave its exact nature
- unspecified.
- </p>
- <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
- <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="Library-combinator.html#Library-combinator">2.7.16.1 Library combinator</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
- </td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="Have-combinator.html#Have-combinator">2.7.16.2 Have combinator</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
- </td></tr>
- <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="Interaction-combinator.html#Interaction-combinator">2.7.16.3 Interaction combinator</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
- </td></tr>
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